A 4-year-old with an upper respiratory infection has cloudy nasal discharge and congestion. Which symptom-relief measure is recommended?

A 4-year-old with an upper respiratory infection has cloudy nasal discharge and congestion. Which symptom-relief measure is recommended?

• A. Decongestant sprays
• B. Saline rinses
• C. Antihistamines
• D. Zinc supplements

Answer: (B)

Saline nasal rinses are a safe, first-line way to relieve nasal congestion from a viral URI in a young child. The humidified mucus and gentle irrigation help loosen and clear secretions, improve airflow, and do not cause systemic side effects. Because they can be used frequently and without risk, they’re the preferred option for a 4-year-old with cloudy discharge and congestion. Other measures have limitations in this setting. Decongestant sprays can reduce congestion but carry safety concerns in young children and are generally not recommended for frequent use because they can cause rebound congestion and other side effects. Antihistamines don’t reliably relieve viral URI congestion and can cause drowsiness or agitation. Zinc supplements have uncertain benefit for the common cold in kids and can cause GI upset or taste disturbances; they aren’t routinely advised for symptom relief.

Saline nasal rinses are a safe, first-line way to relieve nasal congestion from a viral URI in a young child. The humidified mucus and gentle irrigation help loosen and clear secretions, improve airflow, and do not cause systemic side effects. Because they can be used frequently and without risk, they’re the preferred option for a 4-year-old with cloudy discharge and congestion.

Other measures have limitations in this setting. Decongestant sprays can reduce congestion but carry safety concerns in young children and are generally not recommended for frequent use because they can cause rebound congestion and other side effects. Antihistamines don’t reliably relieve viral URI congestion and can cause drowsiness or agitation. Zinc supplements have uncertain benefit for the common cold in kids and can cause GI upset or taste disturbances; they aren’t routinely advised for symptom relief.